To orient yourself in the choice of treatment methods for this disease, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of what constitutes varicose veins and what causes the onset of the disease. Thus, varicose veins are a serious disease, the final result of which is the lengthening and widening of the veins and blood vessels of the circulatory system with an irreversible course.
Following the thinning of the walls and their expansion, in this scenario, the formation of nodes on the veins can be observed, characterized by the presence of insufficiency of the vascular valves due to genetic pathology. As for the prescription of detection of varicose veins, its external manifestations were noted relatively long ago. Famous doctors such as Hippocrates and Galena have made repeated attempts to cure diseases of the veins, but unfortunately they were unsuccessful.
Today this disease is one of the most common. This is due to a number of reasons, which include the very nature of the onset of varicose veins. The provoking factors that contribute to the appearance of varicose veins are:
- hereditary predisposition
- taking hormonal drugs
- pregnancy
- overweight and obesity
- lack of physical activity and maintaining a sedentary lifestyle
Ultimately, the disease leads to an increase in venous pressure and disruption of the functional characteristics of the venous valves. As a result, slow and chaotic blood flow is caused, in which it stagnates in the veins and blood vessels. The venous walls eventually begin to stretch, thin and the vessels deform.
As complications of the disease, there are such manifestations as a disturbed process of blood flow in the leg veins. Over time, they begin to act as the causes of the aggravation and development of this disease, greatly increasing the pressure on the venous system. Very often, especially in the female half of the population, the appearance of varicose veins is explained by hormonal disorders.
Modern methods of treatment of varicose veins
Thanks to many years of research on the problem, scientists and professors of medicine have managed to develop many methods and methods for the treatment of varicose veins. Modern methods of treating varicose veins should be used in strict accordance with the severity of the disease. Although in the advanced stage there are several treatment options that lead to the same goal: the elimination of vascular tissue stretched in various ways.
At the initial stage, it is advisable to use an integrated approach to the process, including an increase in physical activity, therapeutic exercises, put on the products of their compression stockings to tighten the superficial manifestations, organize rest and work activity taking into account the disease.
It should be noted that varicose veins are most often affected in the lower limbs, although the disease can also manifest itself in other parts of the human body, for example, in the stomach, esophagus, pelvis, ovary and spermatic cord. Often, in addition to preventive measures, patients require more radical treatment. The most commonly used methods at the current stage include:
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the legs
- Hirudotherapy - treatment with leeches
- Sclerotherapy - the introduction of a special liquid composition into the vessel
- Laser treatment of the leg veins
- radiofrequency ablation
- pharmacological therapy
- elastic compression
Surgical treatment of varicose veins
Surgical treatment is a radical method used in the presence of varicose veins in the legs. Surgical intervention in modern clinics is performed at a sufficiently high level, which makes it possible not to be in the hospital after treatment.
Also, depending on the patient's desire, anesthesia can be both general and local in nature, in which it is possible to be fully conscious during the operation. Among the main surgical methods of treatment can be distinguished:
- method of sclerotherapy. It is produced by introducing a special agent, as a result of which a scar is formed on the necessary area of the stretched vein. This technique is acceptable for venous expansion of small and moderate severity. Its main advantages include the fact that the procedure is easily tolerated, performed under local anesthesia, and leads to the desired result when done correctly. In some cases, a repeated operation is required until the pathology disappears completely.
- treatment with laser surgery. This technique is effective for all varicose veins. The affected vein is irradiated with a laser from the inside through a light guide inserted into it, which is connected to the laser. The whole process is controlled by an ultrasound machine. After processing the intended vein with a laser, its walls are glued together. Over time, the vein goes to complete disappearance. The advantage of this technique is that it is practically bloodless without incisions in the upper layer of the epidermis and soft tissues. With the help of laser surgery, it is relatively easy to get rid of all strained and damaged veins and vessels, and even heal trophic ulcers.
- removal of the vein by direct surgery. Leg varicose vein surgery involves making small incisions in the skin and underlying soft tissue to reach the necessary veins. Damaged veins are removed and bandaged internally. Like any complex operation, the technique is applied with the mandatory use of anesthesia. It is recommended to perform operations on large and large-diameter veins
- elimination of varicose veins with the help of outpatient phlebectomy. The technique is applicable for small diameter veins. It is performed by making the necessary skin incisions under local anesthesia. The main advantage of the operation is that the resulting scars become almost invisible after a while.
- removal of deformed veins using endoscopic equipment. The technique found its application in the presence of pathological ulcerative formations on the skin. A microscopic camera is inserted directly inside the vessel, through which it is possible to see the vein from the inside and monitor its functioning. The vein is extracted under supervision through the inserted camera.
Conservative treatments for varicose veins
Conducting conservative treatment of varicose veins without surgery has not lost its relevance along with progressive radical methods.
One of the most effective means is elastic compression. Wearing tights made with special knitwear ensures the correct distribution of pressure on the affected areas of the legs.
Such a measure contributes to the normalization of blood circulation capabilities, improving its outflow. Dense elastic tissue performs the function of a supporting frame, as a result of which the load on the vessels is reduced and the progression of the disease is prevented.
In this scenario, the possible risk of blood clots is reduced. Therapeutic and preventive knitwear is currently produced. Depending on the degree and shape of varicose veins, it is prescribed to wear products with a certain impact strength.
It is strongly recommended to use this technique for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle, pregnant women, those who are genetically predisposed to the possibility of the appearance of this disease, as well as in the presence of visible minor manifestations.
The use of drug therapy is now used as ancillary measures based on surgical treatment. With the help of drugs, it is possible to significantly alleviate the patient's condition and reduce negative manifestations, such as pain, swelling, the appearance of discomfort and convulsions.
Of great importance here is the correct selection of funds, which will provide an integrated approach to the implementation of therapeutic measures and achieve the desired effect. The drug is able to neutralize the active process of intravascular inflammation, significantly reduce the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and improve venous tone.
The question of when it is better to start treating varicose veins can be answered: it is necessary to start therapeutic measures the sooner, the better, at the first signs of the manifestation of the disease.